Polar Regions

The Argentine Antarctica claim, extending from 25°W to 74°W longitude, overlaps with claims by the United Kingdom and Chile. This territorial assertion is based on historical presence and geographical proximity, although international treaties suspend sovereignty claims.

These incredible birds fly approximately 70,000 km (43,000 miles) annually, traveling from the Arctic to the Antarctic and back. This epic journey allows them to experience two summers each year, maximizing breeding and feeding opportunities in both hemispheres.

Fish living in polar waters, like Antarctic notothenioids, produce antifreeze glycoproteins that prevent ice crystals from forming in their blood and tissues. This allows them to survive in waters that are below the typical freezing point of blood, an essential adaptation for their icy habitats.