Biotechnology

CRISPR-Cas9 is a molecular tool derived from a bacterial immune system that allows scientists to cut, edit, or silence specific genes with extraordinary precision. First harnessed for genome editing in 2012, it has since revolutionised biology and medicine. By 2023, the first CRISPR-based therapy (for sickle cell disease) was approved by the FDA. The tool works like molecular scissors guided by a RNA 'map' to the exact gene sequence needing editing.

Despite its toxicity, compounds found in scorpion venom are being researched for their therapeutic properties, including potential uses in pain relief, anti-cancer treatments, and as immunosuppressants. Scientists are isolating specific peptides that selectively target disease cells without harming healthy ones.